N기출 영어 영역 고난도 독해 Level 2 Part 2.- 5 건강 & 의학 변형문제

 

N기출 영어 영역 고난도 독해 Level 2

Part 2.- 5 건강 & 의학 변형문제

N기출 영어 영역 고난도 독해 Level 2

N기출 영어 영역 고난도 독해 Level 2

 

 

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최상위 수능 기출문제집 N기출 영어영역 고난도 독해 Level 2 Part 2 - 5. 건강 & 의학(PDF)

 

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다음 지문을 읽고 글의 내용과 다른 문장을 고르세요.

 

The problem of amino acid deficiency is not unique to the modern world by any means. Preindustrial humanity probably dealt with protein and amino acid insufficiency on a regular basis. Sure, large hunted animals such as mammoths provided protein and amino acids aplenty. However, living off big game in the era before refrigeration meant humans had to endure alternating periods of feast and famine. Droughts, forest fires, superstorms, and ice ages led to long stretches of difficult conditions, and starvation was a constant threat. The human inability to synthesize such basic things as amino acids certainly worsened those crises and made surviving on whatever was available that much harder. During a famine, it's not the lack of calories that is the ultimate cause of death; it's the lack of proteins and the essential amino acids they provide.

 

① Amino acid deficiency has been a challenge that existed since preindustrial times.

② Large hunted animals like mammoths served as rich sources of protein and amino acids.

③ Various natural disasters posed continuous threats to early human survival and food supply.

④ Humans are able to synthesize amino acids internally when faced with food scarcity.

⑤ The ultimate cause of death during famine is the shortage of proteins and essential amino acids.

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지문 해석

아미노산 결핍 문제는 결코 현대 세계만의 것이 아니다. 산업화 이전의 인류는 아마도 단백질과 아미노산 부족을 일상적으로 겪었을 것이다. 물론, 매머드와 같은 대형 사냥 동물은 단백질과 아미노산을 풍부하게 제공했다. 그러나 냉장 기술이 없던 시대에 대형 사냥감에 의존하여 살아간다는 것은 인간이 풍요와 기근의 교대 기간을 견뎌야 했다는 것을 의미했다. 가뭄, 산불, 슈퍼 폭풍, 빙하기는 장기간의 어려운 조건을 초래했고, 기아는 끊임없는 위협이었다. 아미노산과 같은 기본적인 것을 합성할 수 없는 인간의 무능력(inability)은 분명히 그러한 위기를 악화시켰고, 이용 가능한 것으로 생존하는 것을 그만큼 더 어렵게 만들었다. 기근 동안 죽음의 궁극적 원인은 칼로리 부족이 아니라 단백질과 필수 아미노산의 부족이다.

 

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풀이 흐름

이 지문은 아미노산 결핍이 인류에게 미친 역사적 영향을 다룬다. 특히 인간의 아미노산 합성 능력 여부에 대한 서술을 정확히 파악하는 것이 핵심이다.

지문은 ”The human inability to synthesize such basic things as amino acids certainly worsened those crises”라고 명시한다. 여기서 ”inability(무능력)”은 인간이 아미노산을 합성할 수 ”없다"는 것을 의미한다. 이 무능력이 위기를 악화시킨 원인으로 제시된다.

따라서 인간이 식량 부족에 직면했을 때 아미노산을 ”내부적으로 합성할 수 있다(are able to synthesize internally)”고 서술하는 선지가 있다면, 이는 지문과 정면으로 모순된다.

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전체 선지 분석

 

선지	판정	근거
① Amino acid deficiency has been a challenge that existed since preindustrial times.	✅ 일치	지문의 “The problem of amino acid deficiency is not unique to the modern world... Preindustrial humanity probably dealt with protein and amino acid insufficiency on a regular basis”와 직접 대응.
② Large hunted animals like mammoths served as rich sources of protein and amino acids.	✅ 일치	지문의 “large hunted animals such as mammoths provided protein and amino acids aplenty”와 정확히 대응. rich sources = aplenty.
③ Various natural disasters posed continuous threats to early human survival and food supply.	✅ 일치	지문의 “Droughts, forest fires, superstorms, and ice ages led to long stretches of difficult conditions, and starvation was a constant threat”와 직접 대응. continuous threats = constant threat.
④ Humans are able to synthesize amino acids internally when faced with food scarcity.	❌ 불일치	지문은 ”The human inability to synthesize such basic things as amino acids”라고 명시. are able to synthesize ↔ inability to synthesize로 정반대. 인간은 아미노산을 합성할 수 있는 것이 아니라 합성할 수 없다.
⑤ The ultimate cause of death during famine is the shortage of proteins and essential amino acids.	✅ 일치	지문의 “it’s not the lack of calories that is the ultimate cause of death; it’s the lack of proteins and the essential amino acids they provide”와 정확히 대응.

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핵심 문장 정리

“The human inability to synthesize such basic things as amino acids certainly worsened those crises.”

이 문장이 ④번 선지의 오류를 판별하는 결정적 근거다. 지문은 인간이 아미노산을 합성할 수 ”없다(inability)”고 서술하며, 이 무능력이 위기를 악화시켰다고 설명하는 반면, ④번은 인간이 식량 부족 시 아미노산을 ”내부적으로 합성할 수 있다(are able to synthesize internally)”고 정반대로 서술했다.

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한 줄 정리

인간은 식량 부족에 직면했을 때 아미노산을 "내부적으로 합성할 수 있는" 것이 아니라, 아미노산을 합성할 수 "없으며(inability)" 이것이 기근 위기를 더욱 악화시켰다.

 

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The Makings의 Part 2 - 5. 건강 & 의학 변형문제는

총 11개의 유형으로 구성되어 있습니다.

 

1. 빈칸 채우기(객관식)

2. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/한글 선택지)

3. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/영어 선택지)

4. 글 끼어 넣기(객관식)

5. 어법(서술형)

6. 어휘(서술형)

7. 주제문(객관식/영어 선택지)

8. 어휘 빈칸 채우기(서술형)

9. 영작(서술형)

10. 요약문 완성하기(서술형)

11. 문단 재배열 하기(객관식)

 

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더메이킹스(The Makings)가 제작한 

최상위 수능 기출문제집 N기출 영어영역 고난도 독해 Level 2

Part 2 - 5. 건강 & 의학(44문항) 변형문제의 지문입니다.

 

1번 지문

The problem of amino acid deficiency is not unique to the modern world by any means. Preindustrial humanity probably dealt with protein and amino acid insufficiency on a regular basis. Sure, large hunted animals such as mammoths provided protein and amino acids aplenty. However, living off big game in the era before refrigeration meant humans had to endure alternating periods of feast and famine. Droughts, forest fires, superstorms, and ice ages led to long stretches of difficult conditions, and starvation was a constant threat. The human inability to synthesize such basic things as amino acids certainly worsened those crises and made surviving on whatever was available that much harder. During a famine, it's not the lack of calories that is the ultimate cause of death; it's the lack of proteins and the essential amino acids they provide.

 

2번 지문

Application of Buddhist-style mindfulness to Western psychology came primarily from the research of Jon Kabat-Zinn at the University of Massachusetts Medical Center. He initially took on the difficult task of treating chronic-pain patients, many of whom had not responded well to traditional pain-management therapy. In many ways, such treatment seems completely paradoxical ― you teach people to deal with pain by helping them to become more aware of it! However, the key is to help people let go of the constant tension that accompanies their fighting of pain, a struggle that actually prolongs their awareness of pain. Mindfulness meditation allowed many of these people to increase their sense of well-being and to experience a better quality of life. How so? Because such meditation is based on the principle that if we try to ignore or repress unpleasant thoughts or sensations, then we only end up increasing their intensity.

 

3번 지문

The volume of Neanderthal brains ranged from 1,200 to 1,750 cc, about the same (1,200 to 1,700 cc) range as that of early and present specimens of modern Homo sapiens. This doesn't mean that they were as clever as modern human beings, since brain size is also related to muscularity and climatic conditions. People who live in colder climates tend to have larger brains, and Neanderthals lived in Eurasia during a cold period. Neanderthal skeletal bones also show that they were massive. They had short, stocky bodies; males probably weighed about 145 pounds and stood less than five feet seven inches tall. Brain volume also is correlated with heavier massive muscles and body weight in closely related species. Heinz Stephan, a German neuroanatomist, has been studying the sizes of the brains and their various parts in many species over the past forty years. His detailed measurements show that bigger muscles require bigger brains, independent of intelligence.

 

4번 지문

Wind back the clock. We've found a hormone that can rejuvenate the muscles of elderly mice. Osteocalcin ― a hormone secreted by bone ― boosts the ability of muscles to burn fuel and generate energy, researchers at Columbia University discovered. When the team injected the hormone into old mice, the animals were able to run just as far as their younger counterparts, despite being up to a year older ― a long time in mouse years. Old mice that did not receive the hormone ran about half as far. Osteocalcin levels decline with age in both mice and humans, and the team now plans to test whether the hormone can improve muscle function in people too.