수능실감 영어 독해 5문항 모의고사 300제
Day 13 변형문제
전문항 확인 하러가기!
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수능실감 영어 독해 5문항 모의고사 300제 DAY 13 변형문제(PDF)
수능실감 영어 독해 5문항 모의고사 300제 DAY 13 변형문제(PDF)은 원어민 선생님과 현직 강사가 제작한 수능 영어 변형문제. 실전 감각을 높이는 고퀄리티 문제로 내신·수능 완벽 대비.
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다음 지문을 읽고 글의 내용과 다른 문장을 고르세요.
With hardly any exceptions, negative experiences tend to trump positive ones in our lives. Losing money, being abandoned by friends, and receiving criticism will have a greater impact than winning money, making friends, or receiving praise. We even make stronger facial expressions when reacting to an unpleasant odor than to a pleasant one. As with many other quirks of the human psyche, there may be an evolutionary basis for this. The researchers suggested that being sensitive to negative things serves evolutionary purposes: making us avoid dangers, identify threats, and adapt and improve. While bad outcomes alert us that things need to change, good ones indicate that they do not. Our survival instinct leads us to worry about potentially negative outcomes rather than consider the potential greatness of positive outcomes. Those who are more attuned to bad things would have been more likely to survive threats and, consequently, would have increased the probability of passing along their genes.
① Negative experiences generally have a more significant impact on our lives than positive experiences.
② People tend to react with equally strong facial expressions to both pleasant and unpleasant smells.
③ Being sensitive to negative stimuli may have provided an evolutionary advantage for survival.
④ The survival instinct drives people to focus more on potential risks than on potential rewards.
⑤ Individuals more attuned to negative events were more likely to pass on their genetic traits.
지문 해석
거의 예외 없이, 부정적 경험은 우리 삶에서 긍정적 경험을 압도하는 경향이 있다. 돈을 잃는 것, 친구에게 버림받는 것, 비판을 받는 것은 돈을 버는 것, 친구를 사귀는 것, 칭찬을 받는 것보다 더 큰 영향을 미친다. 우리는 불쾌한 냄새에 반응할 때 쾌적한 냄새에 반응할 때보다 더 강한 표정을 짓기까지 한다. 인간 심리의 다른 많은 특성들과 마찬가지로, 이에 대한 진화적 근거가 있을 수 있다. 연구자들은 부정적인 것에 민감한 것이 진화적 목적에 기여한다고 제안했다: 위험을 피하고, 위협을 식별하고, 적응하고 개선하게 한다. 나쁜 결과는 변화가 필요하다고 경고하는 반면, 좋은 결과는 그렇지 않다는 것을 나타낸다. 우리의 생존 본능은 긍정적 결과의 잠재적 위대함을 고려하기보다 잠재적으로 부정적인 결과에 대해 걱정하게 만든다. 나쁜 것에 더 민감한 사람들이 위협에서 살아남을 가능성이 더 높았고, 결과적으로 자신의 유전자를 전달할 확률을 높였을 것이다.
풀이 흐름
이 지문은 "부정적 편향(negativity bias)"의 현상과 그 진화적 이유를 설명한다. 지문 초반부에서 이 편향의 구체적 사례로 냄새에 대한 표정 반응을 제시하는데, 이 세부 묘사를 정확히 파악하는 것이 핵심이다.
지문은 "We even make stronger facial expressions when reacting to an unpleasant odor than to a pleasant one"이라고 명시한다. 즉, 불쾌한 냄새에 "더 강한(stronger)" 표정을 짓는다는 것이다. 이는 쾌적한 냄새와 불쾌한 냄새에 대한 반응이 비대칭적임을 보여주는 사례이다.
따라서 사람들이 쾌적한 냄새와 불쾌한 냄새 모두에 "동일하게 강한(equally strong)" 표정으로 반응한다고 서술하는 선지가 있다면, 이는 지문과 정면으로 모순된다.
전체 선지 분석
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선지
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판정
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근거
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① Negative experiences generally have a more significant impact on our lives than positive experiences.
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✅ 일치
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지문의 "negative experiences tend to trump positive ones in our lives"와 직접 대응. more significant impact = trump.
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② People tend to react with equally strong facial expressions to both pleasant and unpleasant smells.
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❌ 불일치
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지문은 "We even make stronger facial expressions when reacting to an unpleasant odor than to a pleasant one"이라고 명시. equally strong ↔ stronger... than으로 정반대. 불쾌한 냄새에 더 강한 표정을 짓는 것이지, 동일한 강도가 아니다.
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③ Being sensitive to negative stimuli may have provided an evolutionary advantage for survival.
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✅ 일치
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지문의 "being sensitive to negative things serves evolutionary purposes: making us avoid dangers, identify threats"와 일치. evolutionary advantage = evolutionary purposes.
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④ The survival instinct drives people to focus more on potential risks than on potential rewards.
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✅ 일치
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지문의 "Our survival instinct leads us to worry about potentially negative outcomes rather than consider the potential greatness of positive outcomes"와 정확히 대응. potential risks = negative outcomes, potential rewards = positive outcomes.
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⑤ Individuals more attuned to negative events were more likely to pass on their genetic traits.
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✅ 일치
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지문의 "Those who are more attuned to bad things would have been more likely to survive threats and, consequently, would have increased the probability of passing along their genes"와 직접 대응.
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핵심 문장 정리
"We even make stronger facial expressions when reacting to an unpleasant odor than to a pleasant one."
이 문장이 ②번 선지의 오류를 판별하는 결정적 근거다. 지문은 불쾌한 냄새에 쾌적한 냄새보다 "더 강한(stronger... than)" 표정을 짓는다고 비대칭적 반응을 서술하는 반면, ②번은 두 종류의 냄새에 "동일하게 강한(equally strong)" 표정으로 반응한다고 대칭적으로 서술했다.
한 줄 정리
사람들은 쾌적한 냄새와 불쾌한 냄새에 "동일하게 강한" 표정으로 반응하는 것이 아니라, 불쾌한 냄새에 "더 강한" 표정을 짓는다.
The Makings의 DAY 13 변형문제는
총 11개의 유형으로 구성되어 있습니다.
1. 빈칸 채우기(객관식)
2. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/한글 선택지)
3. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/영어 선택지)
4. 글 끼어 넣기(객관식)
5. 어법(서술형)
6. 어휘(서술형)
7. 주제문(객관식/영어 선택지)
8. 어휘 빈칸 채우기(서술형)
9. 영작(서술형)
10. 요약문 완성하기(서술형)
11. 문단 재배열 하기(객관식)
더메이킹스(The Makings)가 제작한
수능실감 영어 독해 5문항 모의고사 300제
DAY 13(55문항) 변형문제의 지문입니다.
1번 지문
With hardly any exceptions, negative experiences tend to trump positive ones in our lives. Losing money, being abandoned by friends, and receiving criticism will have a greater impact than winning money, making friends, or receiving praise. We even make stronger facial expressions when reacting to an unpleasant odor than to a pleasant one. As with many other quirks of the human psyche, there may be an evolutionary basis for this. The researchers suggested that being sensitive to negative things serves evolutionary purposes: making us avoid dangers, identify threats, and adapt and improve. While bad outcomes alert us that things need to change, good ones indicate that they do not. Our survival instinct leads us to worry about potentially negative outcomes rather than consider the potential greatness of positive outcomes. Those who are more attuned to bad things would have been more likely to survive threats and, consequently, would have increased the probability of passing along their genes.
2번 지문
Though human memory is distorted with time, if those distortions had proved detrimental to our ancestors' survival, our memory, and perhaps our species itself, would not have survived. Though our memory system is far from perfect, it is, in most situations, exactly what evolution requires: it is good enough. In fact, in the big picture, human memory is wonderfully efficient and accurate ─ sufficient to have enabled our ancestors to generally recognize the creatures they should avoid and those they should hunt down, where the best trout streams are, and the safest way back to camp. In modern terms, the starting point in understanding how memory works is that the mind is continuously bombarded by a quantity of data so vast that it cannot possibly handle all of it ─ roughly eleven million bits per second. And so we trade perfect recall for the ability to handle information.
3번 지문
As adults, many of us have difficulty acknowledging our anger, even when it is fully justified. We may swallow our anger and rationalize away other feelings because we learned when we were very young that it was unacceptable to have such feelings. As children we might have shouted at our parents: "I hate you! I never want to see you again!" Then we may have heard an upset parent reply: "How dare you say such a thing ─ after all I've done for you! I don't ever want to hear that from you again!" We soon take these messages to mean, "Don't be angry! Never be angry with those you love! Keep control of yourself!" And we do just that, keeping many of our feelings to ourselves and pretending we do not experience them. It is not surprising that so many people suffer from headaches, peptic ulcers, high blood pressure, and heart disease. We should keep in mind that enforcing the suppression of feelings can pose a danger to our health.
4번 지문
Ethnic groups in the United States differ in their motivations for consuming coffee; in the Philadelphia area, sensory motivations are particularly important among Jewish Americans, whereas social factors seem more important among Italian Americans. Cross-culturally, there are differences in both specific motivations and the complexity of the motivations. In a Mexican highland village, weak but hot coffee is drunk an hour or so after awakening. The motivation for doing so is rather simple and uniform: to warm up in the morning. The point of this is that we must understand the motivational structure of consumption before attempting further analyses. In terms of such structure, coffee is more complex than many other foods. The motivation for consuming rice, fish, or chili pepper is less changeable, both among individuals within a culture and across cultures.
5번 지문
The proportions of the mixture of free-market determination and government control vary from economy to economy and over time. There is more free-market determination in the USA than in France. There is more free-market determination in the UK today than there was forty years ago. The mix also varies from sector to sector within any one economy. For example, European agricultural markets have a substantial amount of government control. Under market determination, the average size of a farm would be much larger and agricultural prices much lower than they now are. In contrast, the markets for information and computer technologies are largely free from government intervention. Even the economies closest to free markets have a significant role for government. So it appears that there is no real alternative to a mixed system with major reliance on markets but also with a substantial government presence in many aspects of the economy.
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