N기출 영어 영역 고난도 독해 Level 2 Part 1.- 7 요약문 완성 변형 문제

 

N기출 영어 영역 고난도 독해 Level 2

Part 1.- 7 요약문 완성 변형 문제

 

N기출 영어 영역 고난도 독해 Level 2 Part 1.- 7 요약문 완성 변형 문제

N기출 영어 영역 고난도 독해 Level 2 Part 1.- 7 요약문 완성 변형 문제

 

 

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최상위 수능 기출문제집 N기출 영어영역 고난도 독해 Level 2 Part 1 - 7. 요약문 완성(PDF)

 

 

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다음 지문을 읽고 글의 내용과 다른 문장을 고르세요.

 

Paul Green, Francesca Gino, and Brad Staats studied four years' worth of employee performance data from over 300 full-time workers at one particular company. At this organization, managers did not conduct annual performance reviews. Instead, people engaged in self-evaluation and they reviewed their peers. The researchers examined these data, as well as information about each worker's network within the organization. What did they find? Individuals tended to eliminate colleagues from their network if these co-workers provided negative feedback. If they could not exclude the person, they compensated by bringing others who would be more affirming into their social circle. In short, individuals surrounded themselves with people who told them what they wanted to hear. They paid a price for this behavior. The researchers found that employee performance suffered considerably when workers disassociated themselves from colleagues offering critical feedback.

 

① The researchers analyzed employee performance data spanning four years.

② At the company studied, peer reviews replaced traditional manager-led evaluations.

③ Workers who excluded critical colleagues experienced a decline in their job performance.

④ When workers could not remove a critic, they added supportive people to their network.

⑤ Employees who received negative feedback became more open to constructive suggestions.

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지문 해석

Paul Green, Francesca Gino, Brad Staats는 한 특정 회사의 300명 이상의 정규직 직원에 대한 4년간의 직원 성과 데이터를 연구했다. 이 조직에서 관리자는 연간 성과 검토를 하지 않았다. 대신, 직원들은 자기 평가와 동료 평가에 참여했다. 연구자들은 이 데이터와 각 직원의 조직 내 네트워크에 대한 정보를 조사했다. 무엇을 발견했을까? 개인들은 부정적 피드백을 제공한 동료를 자신의 네트워크에서 제거하는 경향이 있었다. 그 사람을 배제할 수 없을 경우, 더 긍정적인 사람들을 자신의 사회적 원으로 끌어들여 보상했다. 요컨대, 개인들은 듣고 싶은 말을 해주는 사람들로 자신을 둘러쌌다. 그들은 이 행동에 대한 대가를 치렀다. 연구자들은 비판적 피드백을 제공하는 동료와 거리를 두었을 때 직원 성과가 상당히 악화되었다는 것을 발견했다.

 

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풀이 흐름

이 지문의 핵심 발견은 "부정적 피드백을 제공하는 동료를 배제하면 성과가 악화된다"는 것이다. 직원들이 비판적 피드백에 어떻게 반응했는지를 정확히 파악하는 것이 핵심이다. 지문은 부정적 피드백을 받은 직원들의 반응을 "tended to eliminate colleagues from their network" + "surrounded themselves with people who told them what they wanted to hear"라고 서술한다. 즉, 비판적 동료를 배제하고 긍정적인 사람들로 대체했다는 것이다. 이는 비판에 더 열려 있게 된(more open) 것이 아니라 오히려 비판을 회피하고 거부한 것이다. 따라서 부정적 피드백을 받은 직원들이 건설적 제안에 "더 열려 있게 되었다(became more open)"고 서술하는 선지가 있다면, 이는 지문과 정면으로 모순된다.

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전체 선지 분석

 

선지	판정	근거
① The researchers analyzed employee performance data spanning four years.	✅ 일치	지문의 "studied four years' worth of employee performance data"와 직접 대응. spanning = worth of.
② At the company studied, peer reviews replaced traditional manager-led evaluations.	✅ 일치	지문의 "managers did not conduct annual performance reviews. Instead, people engaged in self-evaluation and they reviewed their peers"와 정확히 대응. peer reviews replaced = instead, they reviewed their peers.
③ Workers who excluded critical colleagues experienced a decline in their job performance.	✅ 일치	지문의 "employee performance suffered considerably when workers disassociated themselves from colleagues offering critical feedback"와 직접 대응. decline = suffered considerably, excluded = disassociated.
④ When workers could not remove a critic, they added supportive people to their network.	✅ 일치	지문의 "If they could not exclude the person, they compensated by bringing others who would be more affirming into their social circle"과 정확히 대응. supportive = more affirming.
⑤ Employees who received negative feedback became more open to constructive suggestions.	❌ 불일치	지문은 "Individuals tended to eliminate colleagues from their network if these co-workers provided negative feedback" + "surrounded themselves with people who told them what they wanted to hear"라고 명시. 비판에 더 열려 있게 된 것이 아니라 비판자를 배제하고 회피했다. became more open ↔ eliminate / surrounded with affirming people으로 정반대.

 

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핵심 문장 정리

"Individuals tended to eliminate colleagues from their network if these co-workers provided negative feedback."

"In short, individuals surrounded themselves with people who told them what they wanted to hear."

 

이 두 문장이 ⑤번 선지의 오류를 판별하는 결정적 근거다. 지문은 부정적 피드백을 받은 직원들이 비판적 동료를 "제거하고(eliminate)" 듣고 싶은 말을 해주는 사람들로 "자신을 둘러쌌다(surrounded)"고 서술하는 반면, ⑤번은 이들이 건설적 제안에 "더 열려 있게 되었다(became more open)"고 정반대로 서술했다.

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한 줄 정리

부정적 피드백을 받은 직원들은 건설적 제안에 "더 열려 있게 된" 것이 아니라, 비판적 동료를 배제하고 듣고 싶은 말을 해주는 사람들로 자신을 둘러쌌다.

 

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The Makings의 Part 1 - 7. 요약문 완성  변형문제는

총 11개의 유형으로 구성되어 있습니다.

 

1. 빈칸 채우기(객관식)

2. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/한글 선택지)

3. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/영어 선택지)

4. 글 끼어 넣기(객관식)

5. 어법(서술형)

6. 어휘(서술형)

7. 주제문(객관식/영어 선택지)

8. 어휘 빈칸 채우기(서술형)

9. 영작(서술형)

10. 요약문 완성하기(서술형)

11. 문단 재배열 하기(객관식)

 

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더메이킹스(The Makings)가 제작한 

최상위 수능 기출문제집 N기출 영어영역 고난도 독해

Level 2 Part 1 - 7. 요약문 완성(55문항) 변형문제의 지문입니다.

 

1번 지문

The study of emotions and decision making is now of considerable importance. This involves the application of various tools afforded by neuroscience. One important stream of the literature examines people with brain damage and how damage to particular parts of the brain known to be responsible for particular cognitive functions impacts on decision making. One example of this research is the work of Antonio Damasio, who finds that when the emotional part of the brain is damaged, this actually reduces the efficacy of decision making. Good decisions are a product of the emotional part of the brain working in conjunction with the deliberative part. This contradicts the assumptions of conventional economics, where emotions play a negative role in the decision‐making process. Here it is assumed that decision making can be modeled as being generated in a stoic, unemotional fashion, and that's why decisions tend to be optimal. But the evidence suggests that emotions actually play an important and, often, a positive role in decision making.

 

2번 지문

Mother cats can tell which kittens belong to them ─ when litters are mixed up they use their kittens' scent to distinguish them from offspring of other mothers. Despite this, when faced with a selection of kittens who have wandered from the nest, her own and others that aren't hers, a mother cat doesn't appear to favor her own offspring when retrieving them. The reason for this is uncertain, although distress vocalizations from kittens that are lost from their nest are known to be very powerful, so it may just be hard for the mother to resist retrieving them, regardless of whether they are hers. In the wild, a squeaking kitten out in the open is likely to attract predators, which is bad news for any other kittens around it. A rapid rescue of any crying kitten would be a good strategy to prevent them from drawing unwanted attention.

 

3번 지문

We are all able to think of words which have changed their meanings, or acquired additional meanings, in our own lifetimes, such as the changes in the use of words like chip, grass, joint and hardware. This demonstrates how words are mere labels for constructs of meanings. If these constructs have a different make-up from one person to another, the transitivity of communication between them is not going to be complete or accurate. For those who are learning English as an additional language, apprehension of English forms and structures, and their meanings may pose difficulties, or even may be tinged with aspects of meaning from the characteristics owned by the native tongue. Gradually, with full fluency and the commerce of using the language, commonality of understanding will be generally achieved. However, it is important for those teaching children at early stages of the acquisition of English in our schools to attend to building the understanding of meanings behind the labels of the words and phrases being taught.

 

4번 지문

Consider a new manager who wants to test her employees' planning skills. She may ask her employees to develop a written plan for a particular project. The manager could use very concrete and specific language to describe the assignment: "I want you to develop a five-page plan for this proposed project. First, make sure you include an overview of the project in the introduction. Second, I want a section that highlights your analysis of why we have embarked on this project. Third, I want a solutions section in the report. Finally, I want a description of the criteria and benchmarks for assessing the success of your proposed solution." This request uses very concrete and specific language, but does it meet this manager's needs? By outlining the length and format for the project proposal, the manager clearly specifies what she wants, and in doing so, she reduces her chances to assess her employees' planning abilities. She could have made her request more ambiguous: "Please develop a proposal for this project. I don't want to tell you too much more, because I don't want to limit your creativity." Although this language is more abstract, it may give the manager better insight into how each employee thinks and plans.

 

5번 지문

Paul Green, Francesca Gino, and Brad Staats studied four years' worth of employee performance data from over 300 full-time workers at one particular company. At this organization, managers did not conduct annual performance reviews. Instead, people engaged in self-evaluation and they reviewed their peers. The researchers examined these data, as well as information about each worker's network within the organization. What did they find? Individuals tended to eliminate colleagues from their network if these co-workers provided negative feedback. If they could not exclude the person, they compensated by bringing others who would be more affirming into their social circle. In short, individuals surrounded themselves with people who told them what they wanted to hear. They paid a price for this behavior. The researchers found that employee performance suffered considerably when workers disassociated themselves from colleagues offering critical feedback.