N기출 영어영역 고난도 독해 Level 2 Part 1.- 6 문장 삽입 변형문제

 

N기출 영어영역 고난도 독해 Level 2

Part 1.- 6 문장 삽입 변형문제

 

N기출 영어영역 고난도 독해 Level 2 Part 1.- 6 문장 삽입 변형문제

N기출 영어영역 고난도 독해 Level 2 Part 1.- 6 문장 삽입 변형문제

 

 

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최상위 수능 기출문제집 N기출 영어영역 고난도 독해 Level 2 Part 1 - 6. 문장 삽입(PDF)

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다음 지문을 읽고 글의 내용과 다른 문장을 고르세요.

 

Hormones can act close to where they are made or a long way away. Distance is not a problem: there just needs to be a fluid, such as blood, connecting the site of secretion with the site of action. When they enter the blood, they are swept off to all parts of the body, reaching everywhere the blood goes. But they may also act locally, within the vicinity of the extra-cellular fluid. For example, insulin is secreted into the blood by cells in the pancreas when blood sugar levels rise. It reaches the liver and muscles and makes them take up some sugar for storage or energy provision. At the same time, insulin affects cells in the pancreas right next to the ones that secreted it, stimulating them to produce other hormones. These hormones stop blood sugar from falling too far and also inhibit further insulin secretion. As a result, the insulin response is exactly adjusted to the amount by which the sugar concentration has risen. This combination of local and distant effects is one reason why sugar levels stay remarkably constant in most people most of the time.

 

① Hormones require a connecting fluid like blood to travel from the site of secretion to the site of action.

② Insulin makes liver and muscle cells absorb sugar for storage or energy when blood sugar is high.

③ The insulin response is precisely calibrated to match the rise in sugar concentration.

④ The hormones produced by neighboring pancreatic cells promote additional insulin secretion.

⑤ Blood sugar levels remain fairly stable for most people as a result of combined local and distant hormonal effects.

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지문 해석

호르몬은 생성된 곳 가까이에서 작용하거나 멀리 떨어진 곳에서 작용할 수 있다. 거리는 문제가 되지 않는다. 분비 부위와 작용 부위를 연결하는 혈액 같은 체액만 있으면 된다. 호르몬이 혈액에 들어가면 몸의 모든 부분으로 실려가 혈액이 도달하는 곳이면 어디든 닿는다. 하지만 호르몬은 세포 외액 근처에서 국소적으로 작용하기도 한다. 예를 들어, 인슐린은 혈당 수치가 올라가면 췌장의 세포에서 혈액으로 분비된다. 인슐린은 간과 근육에 도달하여 저장이나 에너지 공급을 위해 당분을 흡수하게 만든다. 동시에, 인슐린은 자신을 분비한 세포 바로 옆의 췌장 세포에 영향을 미쳐 다른 호르몬을 생산하도록 자극한다. 이 호르몬들은 혈당이 너무 많이 떨어지는 것을 막고, 또한 추가적인 인슐린 분비를 억제한다. 그 결과, 인슐린 반응은 당 농도가 상승한 양에 정확히 조정된다. 이러한 국소적 효과와 원거리 효과의 결합이 대부분의 사람들에게 대부분의 시간 동안 혈당 수치가 놀라울 정도로 일정하게 유지되는 이유 중 하나이다.

 

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풀이 흐름

이 지문은 호르몬의 국소적·원거리적 작용을 인슐린 사례로 설명한다. 핵심적으로 주의해야 할 부분은 인슐린에 의해 자극된 "다른 호르몬들"의 역할이다. 지문은 이 호르몬들의 기능을 두 가지로 명시한다.

 

첫째, "stop blood sugar from falling too far(혈당이 너무 많이 떨어지는 것을 막는다)".

둘째, "inhibit further insulin secretion(추가적인 인슐린 분비를 억제한다)". 즉, 이 호르몬들은 인슐린 분비를 억제하는 피드백 역할을 한다.

 

따라서 이 호르몬들이 추가적인 인슐린 분비를 "촉진한다(promote)"고 서술하는 선지가 있다면, 이는 지문의 억제 기능과 정면으로 모순된다.

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전체 선지 분석

 

선지	판정	근거
① Hormones require a connecting fluid like blood to travel from the site of secretion to the site of action.	✅ 일치	지문의 "there just needs to be a fluid, such as blood, connecting the site of secretion with the site of action"과 직접 대응.
② Insulin makes liver and muscle cells absorb sugar for storage or energy when blood sugar is high.	✅ 일치	지문의 "It reaches the liver and muscles and makes them take up some sugar for storage or energy provision"과 정확히 대응. absorb = take up.
③ The insulin response is precisely calibrated to match the rise in sugar concentration.	✅ 일치	지문의 "the insulin response is exactly adjusted to the amount by which the sugar concentration has risen"과 일치. precisely calibrated = exactly adjusted.
④ The hormones produced by neighboring pancreatic cells promote additional insulin secretion.	❌ 불일치	지문은 "also inhibit further insulin secretion"이라고 명시. promote ↔ inhibit으로 정반대. 이 호르몬들은 인슐린 분비를 촉진하는 것이 아니라 억제한다.
⑤ Blood sugar levels remain fairly stable for most people as a result of combined local and distant hormonal effects.	✅ 일치	지문의 "This combination of local and distant effects is one reason why sugar levels stay remarkably constant in most people most of the time"과 직접 대응. fairly stable = remarkably constant.

 

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핵심 문장 정리

"These hormones stop blood sugar from falling too far and also inhibit further insulin secretion."

 

이 문장이 ④번 선지의 오류를 판별하는 결정적 근거다. 지문은 인접 췌장 세포가 생산한 호르몬들이 추가적인 인슐린 분비를 "억제한다(inhibit)"고 서술하는 반면, ④번은 "촉진한다(promote)"고 정반대로 서술했다.

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한 줄 정리

인접 췌장 세포가 생산한 호르몬들은 추가적인 인슐린 분비를 "촉진하는" 것이 아니라 오히려 "억제하여" 혈당 조절의 정밀한 피드백 기제를 형성한다.

 

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The Makings의 Part 1 - 6. 문장 삽입  변형문제는

총 11개의 유형으로 구성되어 있습니다.

 

1. 빈칸 채우기(객관식)

2. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/한글 선택지)

3. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/영어 선택지)

4. 글 끼어 넣기(객관식)

5. 어법(서술형)

6. 어휘(서술형)

7. 주제문(객관식/영어 선택지)

8. 어휘 빈칸 채우기(서술형)

9. 영작(서술형)

10. 요약문 완성하기(서술형)

11. 문단 재배열 하기(객관식)

 

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더메이킹스(The Makings)가 제작한 

최상위 수능 기출문제집 N기출 영어영역 고난도 독해 Level 2

Part 1 - 6. 문장 삽입(55문항) 변형문제의 지문입니다.

 

1번 지문

As a general rule, it's better if your definition corresponds as closely as possible to the way in which the term is ordinarily used in the kinds of debates to which your claims are pertinent. There will be, however, occasions where it is appropriate, even necessary, to coin special uses through what philosophers call stimulative definition. This would be the case where the current lexicon is not able to make distinctions that you think are philosophically important. For example, we do not have a term in ordinary language that describes a memory that is not necessarily a memory of something the person having it has experienced. Such a thing would occur, for example, if I could somehow share your memories: I would have a memory-type experience, but this would not be of something that I had actually experienced. To call this a memory would be misleading. For this reason, philosophers have coined the special term 'quasimemory' to refer to these hypothetical memory-like experiences.

 

2번 지문

The big problem with money created by the government is that those who run the government always face the temptation to create more money and spend it. Whether among ancient kings or modern politicians, this has happened again and again over the centuries, leading to inflation and the many economic and social problems that follow from inflation. For this reason, many countries have preferred using gold, silver, or some other material that is inherently limited in supply, as money. It is a way of depriving governments of the power to expand the money supply to inflationary levels. Gold has long been considered ideal for this purpose, since the supply of gold in the world usually cannot be increased rapidly. When paper money is convertible into gold whenever the individual chooses to do so, then the money is said to be "backed up" by gold. This expression is misleading only if we imagine that the value of the gold is somehow transferred to the paper money, when in fact the real point is that the gold simply limits the amount of paper money that can be issued.

 

3번 지문

Counting rods may have been invented in China, although there is some evidence that they came from India. Either way, they took off in China and were a boon to the people who used them. By learning simple algorithms involving moving physical rods, traders could perform addition, subtraction, multiplication and division quickly and easily. To multiply two numbers, rods were laid on to a surface and combined in each position. There were even methods for using such rod manipulations to find square roots or solve simultaneous equations ― equations involving more than one unknown quantity. The ancient Chinese also understood negative numbers, using black rods to represent positive numbers and red ones for negative numbers ― though negative numbers never appeared in answers, only in calculations. Negative numbers may seem natural today, but throughout much of history numbers were so closely linked to physical objects that many mathematical civilizations outside China simply didn't consider the possibility that negative ones could be useful. "Minus seven sheep" just didn't seem to make much sense. Chinese mathematics was greatly influenced by having opposites in balance, so one possibility is that this viewpoint helped them to more easily accept the idea of negatives.

 

4번 지문

In our daily lives, we decode street signs, browse news articles, and lose ourselves in novels, often without a second thought. Reading is a skill so fundamental to modern life that we often take its complexities for granted. For a skilled reader, this process becomes so automatic that it feels effortless, almost like a reflex. But this apparent simplicity is deceptive, as the process involves a complex interplay of cognitive functions. The brain must not only decode visual symbols into phonetic sounds but also instantly access a vast vocabulary to assign meaning to words. It simultaneously works to understand grammatical structures, make inferences about unstated information, and connect the text to pre-existing knowledge. This entire sequence of events occurs in fractions of a second, a testament to the remarkable efficiency of our neural pathways. Therefore, what appears to be a simple act of seeing words on a page is, in fact, one of the most sophisticated mental operations a person regularly performs.

 

5번 지문

Hormones can act close to where they are made or a long way away. Distance is not a problem: there just needs to be a fluid, such as blood, connecting the site of secretion with the site of action. When they enter the blood, they are swept off to all parts of the body, reaching everywhere the blood goes. But they may also act locally, within the vicinity of the extra-cellular fluid. For example, insulin is secreted into the blood by cells in the pancreas when blood sugar levels rise. It reaches the liver and muscles and makes them take up some sugar for storage or energy provision. At the same time, insulin affects cells in the pancreas right next to the ones that secreted it, stimulating them to produce other hormones. These hormones stop blood sugar from falling too far and also inhibit further insulin secretion. As a result, the insulin response is exactly adjusted to the amount by which the sugar concentration has risen. This combination of local and distant effects is one reason why sugar levels stay remarkably constant in most people most of the time.