수프림 유형독해 Ch 15 이어질 글의 순서 변형문제

 

수프림 유형독해

Ch 15 이어질 글의 순서

변형문제

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수프림 유형독해 ch 15 변형문제

 

 

수프림 유형독해 Ch 15 변형문제

 

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수프림 유형독해 Ch 15 이어질 글의 순서 (66문항) (PDF)

 

 

 

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다음 지문을 읽고 내용과 다른 문장을 고르세요.

 

When evaluating a policy, people tend to concentrate on how the policy will fix some particular problem while ignoring or downplaying other effects it may have. Economists often refer to this situation as The Law of Unintended Consequences. For instance, suppose that you impose a tariff on imported steel in order to protect the jobs of domestic steelworkers. If you impose a high enough tariff, their jobs will indeed be protected from competition by foreign steel companies. But an unintended consequence is that the jobs of some autoworkers will be lost to foreign competition. Why? The tariff that protects steelworkers raises the price of the steel that domestic automobile makers need to build their cars. As a result, domestic automobile manufacturers have to raise the prices of their cars, making them relatively less attractive than foreign cars. Raising prices tends to reduce domestic car sales, so some domestic autoworkers lose their jobs.

 

① People often focus on solving a particular problem without fully assessing the broader impacts.

② The Law of Unintended Consequences highlights the unforeseen outcomes that can occur as a result of policy implementation.

③ Seemingly well-intentioned policies can have unintended consequences that affect different sectors of the economy.

④ The imposition of a tariff that shields certain domestic workers from foreign competition can inadvertently lead to job losses among other domestic workers.

⑤ As a direct result of the depreciated value of cars that comes about as a result of a protectionist tariff, layoffs can occur among domestic autoworkers.

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지문 내용 정리

 

이 글은 경제학의 '의도치 않은 결과의 법칙(The Law of Unintended Consequences)'을 철강 관세 사례를 통해 설명하는 글이에요. 정책을 평가할 때 사람들은 그 정책이 특정 문제를 어떻게 해결할지에만 집중하고, 다른 파급 효과는 무시하거나 축소하는 경향이 있어요. 이걸 경제학자들은 "의도치 않은 결과의 법칙"이라고 부릅니다.

 

구체적 사례: 국내 철강 노동자들의 일자리를 보호하기 위해 수입 철강에 관세(tariff)를 부과한다고 해봐요. 충분히 높은 관세를 부과하면 철강 노동자들의 일자리는 보호되죠. 하지만 의도치 않은 결과로 자동차 노동자들의 일자리가 위협받아요.

왜냐하면:

관세 부과 → 수입 철강 가격 상승 → 국내 자동차 제조 비용 상승 → 국내 차 가격 인상 → 외국 차 대비 경쟁력 하락 → 국내 차 판매 감소 → 자동차 노동자 실직

 

이 인과 사슬이 글의 핵심이에요. 특히 자동차 가격이 오르는 이유는 철강 가격 상승으로 인한 제조 비용 증가 때문이지, 차의 가치가 하락(depreciate)해서가 아니에요. 이게 ⑤번 함정의 핵심 포인트입니다.

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선택지 O/X 분석

 

번호	선택지 요약	원문 대조	판정
①	사람들은 더 넓은 영향을 충분히 평가하지 않고 특정 문제 해결에만 집중하는 경향이 있음	"people tend to concentrate on how the policy will fix some particular problem while ignoring or downplaying other effects"	⭕ 일치
②	의도치 않은 결과의 법칙은 정책 실행의 결과로 발생할 수 있는 예상치 못한 결과를 강조함	"Economists often refer to this situation as The Law of Unintended Consequences"	⭕ 일치
③	겉보기에 선의의 정책이 경제의 다양한 부문에 영향을 미치는 의도치 않은 결과를 초래할 수 있음	"an unintended consequence is that the jobs of some autoworkers will be lost"	⭕ 일치
④	특정 국내 노동자를 외국 경쟁으로부터 보호하는 관세 부과가 다른 국내 노동자들의 실직을 초래할 수 있음	"The tariff that protects steelworkers raises the price of the steel... so some domestic autoworkers lose their jobs"	⭕ 일치
⑤	보호무역 관세로 인한 자동차 가치 하락의 직접적 결과로 국내 자동차 노동자들의 해고가 발생할 수 있음	원문은 **가격 인상(raise the prices)**이 원인이지, 차의 **가치 하락(depreciated value)**이 원인이 아님	❌ 불일치

 

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정답은 ⑤ — 함정 패턴: 인과 메커니즘 교체(price rise → value depreciation)

이번 함정은 자동차 노동자 실직으로 이어지는 인과 메커니즘을 전혀 다른 것으로 바꿔치기한 패턴이에요.

원문의 인과 사슬을 다시 보면:

"The tariff... raises the price of the steel... domestic automobile manufacturers have to raise the prices of their cars, making them relatively less attractive than foreign cars. Raising prices tends to reduce domestic car sales, so some domestic autoworkers lose their jobs."

 

핵심 메커니즘은 **"가격 인상(price raise)"**이에요. 철강값이 올라서 → 차 가격이 올라서 → 경쟁력이 떨어져서 → 판매가 줄어서 → 실직으로 이어지는 거예요.

그런데 ⑤번은 이걸 이렇게 바꿔놓았어요:

"As a direct result of the depreciated value of cars that comes about as a result of a protectionist tariff, layoffs can occur among domestic autoworkers." (보호무역 관세의 결과로 발생하는 자동차 가치 하락의 직접적 결과로 국내 자동차 노동자 해고가 발생할 수 있다)

 

"raise the prices(가격 인상)" → "depreciated value(가치 하락)"

가격이 오르는 것과 가치가 하락하는 것은 전혀 다른 메커니즘이에요. 원문에서 국내 차가 외국 차보다 덜 매력적이 된 건 가격이 비싸졌기 때문이지, 차의 품질이나 가치가 떨어졌기 때문이 아닙니다. "depreciate(가치 하락하다)"는 원문에 아예 등장하지 않는 개념이에요.

 함정 유형 정리: 인과 메커니즘 교체(mechanism substitution) 지문이 A → B → C → D라는 인과 사슬을 설명할 때, 선택지에서 중간 과정(B → C)을 전혀 다른 메커니즘으로 바꿔치기하는 패턴이에요. 특히 이번처럼 "가격이 올라서 덜 팔린다"를 "가치가 떨어져서 덜 팔린다"로 바꾸면, 결론(해고)은 같아 보이지만 경로가 완전히 달라요. 원문에 없는 단어(depreciate)가 선택지에 등장하면 즉각 의심하세요.

 

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핵심 어휘 정리

 

• unintended consequences — 의도치 않은 결과
• tariff — 관세
• impose — 부과하다
• domestic — 국내의
• relatively less attractive — 상대적으로 덜 매력적인
• depreciate — 가치가 하락하다 (선택지의 함정 표현, 원문에 없음)
• layoff — 해고, 일시 해고
• protectionist — 보호무역주의의
• inadvertently — 의도치 않게

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풀이 전략 팁

 

경제·정책 설명형 지문에서는 인과 사슬(causal chain)을 정확히 따라가는 게 가장 중요해요. 이번 지문처럼 A → B → C → D로 이어지는 논리 구조가 있을 때, 선택지는 종종 중간 단계를 슬쩍 바꿔서 결론만 같아 보이게 만들어요.

이런 지문을 읽을 때는 원인과 결과를 화살표로 연결하며 읽는 습관이 도움돼요:

 

관세 부과 → 철강 가격 ↑ → 차 제조 비용 ↑ → 차 판매 가격 ↑ → 외국 차 대비 경쟁력 ↓ → 판매량 ↓ → 자동차 노동자 실직

출처 입력

이 사슬에서 어느 한 고리가 선택지에서 다르게 서술되어 있다면 그게 정답이에요. 특히 원문에 없는 단어나 개념이 선택지에 등장할 때 — 이번의 "depreciate"처럼 — 는 거의 확실한 함정 신호입니다.

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The Makings의 2025년 수프림 유형독해 Ch 15 이어질 글의 순서 변형 문제는

총 11개의 유형으로 구성되어 있습니다.

 

1. 빈칸 채우기(객관식)

2. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/한글 선택지)

3. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/영어 선택지)

4. 글 끼어 넣기(객관식)

5. 어법(서술형)

6. 어휘(서술형)

7. 주제문(객관식/영어 선택지)

8. 어휘 빈칸 채우기(서술형)

9. 영작(서술형)

10. 요약문 완성하기(서술형)

11. 문단 재배열 하기(객관식)

 

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더메이킹스(The Makings)가 제작한 수프림 유형독해 Ch 15 이어질 글의 순 변형 문제의 지문입니다.

 

1번 지문

When evaluating a policy, people tend to concentrate on how the policy will fix some particular problem while ignoring or downplaying other effects it may have. Economists often refer to this situation as The Law of Unintended Consequences. For instance, suppose that you impose a tariff on imported steel in order to protect the jobs of domestic steelworkers. If you impose a high enough tariff, their jobs will indeed be protected from competition by foreign steel companies. But an unintended consequence is that the jobs of some autoworkers will be lost to foreign competition. Why? The tariff that protects steelworkers raises the price of the steel that domestic automobile makers need to build their cars. As a result, domestic automobile manufacturers have to raise the prices of their cars, making them relatively less attractive than foreign cars. Raising prices tends to reduce domestic car sales, so some domestic autoworkers lose their jobs.

 

2번 지문

In the 1760s the American colonies were growing, but the colonists complained that the English government wasn't meeting their needs and desires. The main problem was a situation that was referred to as "taxation without representation." The colonists believed they shouldn't have to pay taxes because there were not any representatives of the colonies in the English Parliament. When the Tea Act of 1773 made the colonists pay a tax on the tea, they decided to protest. They sneaked onto an English ship that was anchored in Boston Harbor and dumped the tea into the water. This famous historical event, which is now called the "Boston Tea Party," escalated into the American Revolution. However, taxation without representation isn't found only in history books. Americans living in Washington, D.C. don't have full representation in the U.S. Congress. They protested this situation by adding the phrase "Taxation without Representation" to their license plates from 2002 until 2017.

 

3번 지문

Kuzbass is a region in Siberia where more than two million people live. It is also one of the largest coal fields in the world. In 2019, several towns in the area were covered by strange black snow. It was coal dust from open pit mines that blackened the snow. The average life expectancy of Kuzbass citizens is three to four years shorter than the national average, according to a 2015 report. This black snow was not the only unusual environmental disaster in Siberia in recent years. In 2018, red blood rain fell on a Siberian factory town after industrial waste was picked up by a storm. Shortly after the blood rain, a mysterious dust cloud blocked the sun for 3 hours. All of these strange occurrences are why environmental groups from other countries are calling for stronger regulations in the region. Even if black snow isn't falling in your country, burning coal still pollutes the air and contributes to global warming.

 

4번 지문

According to the investment theory of creativity, creativity is a kind of decision. More specifically, it is the decision to buy ideas low and sell them high. When creative people have ideas that are considered new and strange, they are "buying low." Later, after their ideas have been accepted, they can "sell high" and profit from them. This is a natural process, as creative people refuse to think the same as the crowd. Rather than following a safe path, they choose their own direction and come up with ideas that are unfamiliar to people but also useful in some way. Therefore, the greatest obstacle to creativity doesn't come from external factors such as general belief and common sense. Instead, it comes from the limitations one places on one's own thinking.

 

5번 지문

How we obtain knowledge is a fundamental philosophical question. There are two basic schools of thought regarding this issue: empiricism and rationalism. The main difference between the two is related to how dependent we are on sensory experience in our quest to gain knowledge. According to empiricists, sensory experiences are the essential foundation of all knowledge. They believe that the raw data we rely on comes from the senses through which we see, hear, smell, taste, and feel. Without this raw data, they say, there would be no knowledge. This is because empiricists believe we all start with a "blank slate" and then slowly fill it with knowledge as we have experiences. Rationalists, on the other hand, believe the ultimate starting point for all knowledge is not the senses but reason. These sense experiences, they think, cannot be trusted because everyone has different experiences. They maintain that without reason, we couldn't organize and interpret our sense experiences in any way.

 

6번 지문

The right to be forgotten is a right distinct from but related to a right to privacy. The right to privacy is, among other things, the right for information traditionally regarded as protected or personal not to be revealed. The right to be forgotten, in contrast, can be applied to information that has been in the public domain. The right to be forgotten broadly includes the right of an individual not to be forever defined by information from a specific point in time. One motivation for such a right is to allow individuals to move on with their lives and not be defined by a specific event or period in their lives. For example, it has long been recognized in some countries, such as the UK and France, that even past criminal convictions should eventually be "spent" and not continue to affect a person's life. Despite the reason for supporting the right to be forgotten, the right to be forgotten can sometimes come into conflict with other rights. For example, formal exceptions are sometimes made for security or public health reasons.