수능실감 영어 독해 10문항 모의고사 500제 19회 변형문제

수능실감 영어 독해 10문항 모의고사 500제 19회 변형문제

수능실감 영어 독해 10문항 모의고사 500제

수능실감 영어 독해 10문항 모의고사 500제

 

 

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수능실감 영어 독해 10문항 모의고사 500제 19회(PDF)

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다음 지문을 읽고 글의 내용과 다른 문장을 고르세요.

 

Technology in the modern world displays the character of a necessary, almost deterministic force. Technological developments create technological problems which require further technological responses ad infinitum. There has been a qualitative shift from earlier eras in which specific tools and techniques were developed through the freely chosen creativity of human beings to meet specific, limited objectives. Technology now obeys its inner logic of development as rigorously as we used to think that nature obeyed its own laws. "If it can be done, it will be done; indeed, it must be done." Technology carries its own imperative to further development. At this point technology is no longer a simple servant of humankind but its master. This apparent inevitability of technological expansion must be challenged. We must assert our freedom and learn to say "no" once in a while.

 

① Technology in the modern world functions as a nearly deterministic force that drives its own continued development.

② Technological problems inevitably arise from technological developments, creating an endless cycle of responses.

③ The inner logic of technology now governs its development with the same strictness once attributed to natural laws.

④ The inevitability of technological expansion should be accepted as a natural consequence of human progress.

⑤ Earlier eras saw tools and techniques developed through human creativity to fulfill specific and limited goals.

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지문 해석

현대 세계의 기술은 필연적이고 거의 결정론적인 힘의 성격을 보여준다. 기술 발전은 기술적 문제를 만들어내고, 이 문제는 끊임없이(ad infinitum) 추가적인 기술적 대응을 요구한다. 특정 도구와 기술이 구체적이고 제한된 목표를 충족시키기 위해 인간의 자유로운 창의성을 통해 개발되었던 이전 시대와는 질적 전환이 있었다. 기술은 이제 우리가 한때 자연이 자연 법칙을 따른다고 생각했던 것만큼 엄격하게 자체의 내적 발전 논리를 따른다. "할 수 있다면, 행해질 것이다. 사실, 반드시 행해져야 한다." 기술은 추가 발전을 향한 자체적 명령(imperative)을 지닌다. 이 시점에서 기술은 더 이상 인류의 단순한 하인이 아니라 그 주인이다. 기술 팽창의 이 겉보기 필연성은 도전받아야 한다. 우리는 자유를 주장하고 가끔은 "아니오"라고 말하는 법을 배워야 한다.

 

 

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풀이 흐름

이 지문의 핵심 논지는 "기술 팽창의 필연성이라는 착각에 저항해야 한다"는 것이다. 특히 마지막 두 문장이 저자의 최종 입장을 명확히 밝힌다.

지문은 "This apparent inevitability of technological expansion must be challenged"라고 서술한다. 즉, 기술 팽창의 필연성은 "도전받아야 한다(must be challenged)" — 수용해야 하는 것이 아니라 거부해야 하는 것이다. 이어서 "우리는 자유를 주장하고 가끔은 '아니오'라고 말하는 법을 배워야 한다"고 덧붙인다.

따라서 기술 팽창의 필연성이 인간 진보의 자연스러운 결과로 "수용되어야 한다(should be accepted)"고 서술하는 선지가 있다면, 이는 지문과 정면으로 모순된다.

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전체 선지 분석

 

선지	판정	근거
① Technology in the modern world functions as a nearly deterministic force that drives its own continued development.	✅ 일치	지문의 "Technology in the modern world displays the character of a necessary, almost deterministic force" + "Technology carries its own imperative to further development"와 직접 대응.
② Technological problems inevitably arise from technological developments, creating an endless cycle of responses.	✅ 일치	지문의 "Technological developments create technological problems which require further technological responses ad infinitum"과 정확히 대응. endless cycle = ad infinitum.
③ The inner logic of technology now governs its development with the same strictness once attributed to natural laws.	✅ 일치	지문의 "Technology now obeys its inner logic of development as rigorously as we used to think that nature obeyed its own laws"와 직접 대응. same strictness = as rigorously as.
④ The inevitability of technological expansion should be accepted as a natural consequence of human progress.	❌ 불일치	지문은 "This apparent inevitability of technological expansion must be challenged" + "We must assert our freedom and learn to say 'no'"라고 명시. should be accepted ↔ must be challenged로 정반대. 수용이 아니라 도전과 거부를 촉구한다.
⑤ Earlier eras saw tools and techniques developed through human creativity to fulfill specific and limited goals.	✅ 일치	지문의 "earlier eras in which specific tools and techniques were developed through the freely chosen creativity of human beings to meet specific, limited objectives"와 정확히 대응.

 

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핵심 문장 정리

"This apparent inevitability of technological expansion must be challenged. We must assert our freedom and learn to say 'no' once in a while."

 

이 두 문장이 ④번 선지의 오류를 판별하는 결정적 근거다. 지문은 기술 팽창의 필연성이 "도전받아야 한다(must be challenged)"고 하며 "아니오라고 말하는 법을 배워야 한다"고 서술하는 반면, ④번은 이를 인간 진보의 자연스러운 결과로 "수용되어야 한다(should be accepted)"고 정반대로 서술했다.

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한 줄 정리

기술 팽창의 필연성은 인간 진보의 자연스러운 결과로 "수용되어야 하는" 것이 아니라 오히려 "도전받아야 하며", 우리는 자유를 주장하고 "아니오"라고 말하는 법을 배워야 한다.

 

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The Makings의 수능실감 영어 독해 10문항 모의고사 500제

19회 변형문제는 총 11개의 유형으로 구성되어 있습니다.

 

1. 빈칸 채우기(객관식)

2. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/한글 선택지)

3. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/영어 선택지)

4. 글 끼어 넣기(객관식)

5. 어법(서술형)

6. 어휘(서술형)

7. 주제문(객관식/영어 선택지)

8. 어휘 빈칸 채우기(서술형)

9. 영작(서술형)

10. 요약문 완성하기(서술형)

11. 문단 재배열 하기(객관식)

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더메이킹스(The Makings)가 제작한 수능실감 영어 독해 10문항 모의고사 500제의

19회(99문항) 변형문제의 지문입니다.

 

1번 지문

Technology in the modern world displays the character of a necessary, almost deterministic force. Technological developments create technological problems which require further technological responses ad infinitum. There has been a qualitative shift from earlier eras in which specific tools and techniques were developed through the freely chosen creativity of human beings to meet specific, limited objectives. Technology now obeys its inner logic of development as rigorously as we used to think that nature obeyed its own laws. "If it can be done, it will be done; indeed, it must be done." Technology carries its own imperative to further development. At this point technology is no longer a simple servant of humankind but its master. This apparent inevitability of technological expansion must be challenged. We must assert our freedom and learn to say "no" once in a while.

 

2번 지문

It seems like there are authors who come out of nowhere, make millions of dollars from the book and ride off into the sunset of legends. It's tempting to think all it takes is an idea and a bit of effort. Very tempting indeed. But writing a book takes time ─ months, sometimes years ─ and chances are the first book that you publish won't be the first book you ever write. It takes time to perfect your craft, to learn the ins and outs of writing, to develop your writing style and learn how to write a solid plot and then learn the proper way to market it all when you've finished. J.K. Rowling spent years planning out and writing Harry Potter and received dozens of rejections before getting published. Amanda Hocking also spent years building her craft and trying to get published before making it big in the self-publishing world. The list goes on. Don't believe the biggest writing myth.

 

3번 지문

Mathematics as taught in school is perceived by most secondary school students as a subject lacking history. The teacher becomes the source of all that has to be learned on the subject, and his task is to convey that knowledge to the student. Usually in the instructional process, the understanding of the process of mathematical creation and of the age-old grappling with mathematical problems is completely lost. Mathematics to most students is a closed subject, located in the mind of the teacher who decides whether answers are correct or not. This situation is particularly harmful to mathematics teaching, more than to teaching in most of the other sciences. Mathematics is by nature an accumulative subject; most of what was created millennia ago ─ both content and processes ─ is still valid today. Exposing students to some of this development has the potential to make the subject fun and to humanize it for them.

 

4번 지문

The 2008 winners of the annual awards for sustainable tourism all demonstrate that the best practice in tourism is far-reaching, and extends beyond what was once understood to constitute tourism ― mainly just planes, hotels, and beaches. As an example, the winner of the poverty reduction award was an initiative in which both local farmers and tourists benefit. The hoteliers in this award-winning nation have traditionally imported much of their food while ignoring local farmers whose produce was going to waste. Now, 1,000 farmers, most of whom are women, have been helped to supply local hotels. At the same time, the country's travel foundation, one of the funding organizations, and the initiative have launched their own farmyard ― to demonstrate best practice and to become a tourist attraction on its own merits. Taking tourists to the farmyard, for example, is one way in which they can see how their contribution to sustainability is working.

 

5번 지문

Language is often period specific, and historians must be extremely cautious not to read modern definitions into past times and thereby corrupt meaning. Words may have had a specific meaning or use in the past that is far different from current usage. Further, just as modern English has its own jargon and idioms, they were also present in the past. For example, the historical use of the word icon would have religious connotations, while in the twenty-first century the word would often be associated with a clickable image on a computer's desktop. Having the Oxford English Dictionary or another etymological dictionary close at hand for reference will help researchers avoid this form of potential misinterpretation. This is especially important because of the instability and sometimes open-ended meaning which words may convey. In order for historians to extract precise meaning from language effectively, it is essential that they have a clear idea of how these words functioned in the context of their time.

 

6번 지문

It's tempting to reserve the "giver" label for larger-than-life heroes such as Mother Teresa or Mahatma Gandhi, but being a giver doesn't require extraordinary acts of sacrifice. It just involves a focus on acting in the interests of others, such as by giving help, providing mentoring, sharing credit, or making connections for others. Outside the workplace, this type of behavior is quite common. According to research led by Yale psychologist Margaret Clark, most people act like givers in close relationships. In marriages and friendships, we contribute whenever we can without keeping score. But in the workplace, give and take becomes more complicated. Professionally, people strive to preserve an equal balance of giving and getting. When they help others, they protect themselves by seeking reciprocity. They operate on the principle of fairness, and their relationships are governed by even exchanges of favors.

 

7번 지문

Did you know that a plant knows when it is being eaten? Well, as recent research reveals, it does, but it doesn't just sit there and accept its fate. It deploys troops to defend itself, in an effort to stop the predator. In this case, the research subject was a plant called thale cress(Arabidopsis thaliana), a member of the cabbage family. Thale cress was the first plant to have its genome sequenced, so researchers have a better understanding of its inner workings than of most other plants. To find out if the plant was aware of being eaten, the scientists recreated the vibrations that a caterpillar makes as it eats the leaves of the subject. They also recorded other vibrations that the plant might experience, such as that of wind blowing. Sure enough, the cress responded to the vibrations that mimic a munching caterpillar by upping its production of mildly toxic mustard oils and delivering them to the leaves to deter predators. The plant showed no response to wind or other vibrations.

 

8번 지문

Trade books can provide the space to bring a subject to life with interesting observations and details, presenting the reader with a richer understanding of the topic. Because textbooks must cover such a large number of topics, they are unable to develop a single idea with any depth. Therefore, textbooks offer a broad and consequently shallower view of subjects that does not allow for the kind of compelling presentation available in trade books. For example, one passage in the textbook simply mentions that asteroids can hit the Earth. The trade book, however, chronicles the event of an asteroid's entry into atmosphere, its collision with the planet, and the blasting of a crater 25 miles deep and 100 miles across. It describes in fascinating detail the vaporization at the impact point, the earthquakes, the fires, and the debris that caused a worldwide period of intense heat followed by darkness and freezing temperatures. It is difficult to provide readers this kind of detail and insight in the limited space allowed by a textbook.

 

9번 지문

The potatoes we planted are descended from wild ancestors growing on the Andean plateau. The Incas figured out how to grow impressive yields of potatoes under the most unlikely conditions, developing an approach that is still in use in parts of the Andes today. A more or less vertical habitat presents special challenges to both plants and their cultivators, because the microclimate changes dramatically with every change in altitude or orientation to the sun and wind. No monoculture could succeed under such circumstances, so the Incas developed a method of farming that is monoculture's exact opposite. Instead of betting the farm on a single plant variety, the Andean farmer, then as now, made a great many bets, at least one for every ecological niche. To Western eyes, the resulting farms look chaotic; the plots are discontinuous, offering none of the familiar satisfactions of an explicitly ordered landscape. Yet the Andean potato farm represented an intricate ordering of nature that, unlike Versailles in 1999, say, or Ireland in 1845, can withstand virtually anything nature is apt to throw at it. Since the margins and surroundings of the Andean farm were populated by wild potatoes, the farmer's cultivated varieties regularly naturally crossed with their wild relatives, which refreshed the gene pool and produced new hybrids. Whenever one of these new potatoes proves its worth ─ surviving a drought or storm, say, or winning praise at the dinner table ─ it is promoted from the margins to the fields and, in time, to the neighbors' fields as well. Artificial selection is thus a continual local process, each new potato the product of an ongoing back-and-forth between the land and its cultivators, mediated by the universe of all possible potatoes: the species' genome. The genetic diversity cultivated by the Incas and their descendants is an extraordinary cultural achievement and a gift of incalculable value to the rest of the world.