수능실감 영어 독해 5문항 모의고사 300제 Day 17 변형문제

수능실감 영어 독해 5문항 모의고사 300제 Day 17 변형문제

수능실감 영어 독해 5문항 모의고사 300제

수능실감 영어 독해 5문항 모의고사 300제

 

전문항 확인 하러가기!

https://themakings.co.kr/421/?idx=1562

수능실감 영어 독해 5문항 모의고사 300제 DAY 17 변형문제(PDF)

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지문 해석

우리 행동 중 얼마나 많은 부분이 양육(nurture)이 아닌 본성(nature)에 의해 실제로 영향을 받는가? 더 나아가, 본성과 양육만이 유일한 요인인가? 본성은 일반적으로 우리의 구성을 이루는 것으로 여겨지는 출생 전에 작용하는 모든 생물학적 요인을 포괄하지 못한다. 그렇다면 우리의 다른 모든 특성과 경향은 양육으로 설명되는가? 자유 의지와 맥락적 요인이 행동을 결정하는 데 기여하는 역할을 하지 않는가? 문화가 불가피하게 행동에 영향을 미치지만, 개인적인 '일탈적' 의사결정자들은 시간이 지나면서 문화에 영향을 미친다. 어쨌든, 본성 대 양육은 쉬운 답을 내놓지 않는 근본적 질문 중 하나이다. 자유 의지라는 어려운 문제에 관해서, 자유 의지는 우리 대부분이 믿는 것인데, 주어진 상황에서 무엇을 할지 결정하는 의식적 경험이 있기 때문이다. 환경적 요인이 우리가 그런 방식으로 결정할 가능성을 높인다는 것을 안다 해도, 이 의식적 경험이 어떤 식으로든 제거되지 않는다고 덧붙일 수 있다.

 

 

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풀이 흐름

이 지문은 인간 행동을 결정하는 요인들에 대한 복잡한 논의를 전개하면서, 특히 "본성(nature)"이라는 개념의 한계를 지적한다. 이 한계에 대한 서술을 정확히 파악하는 것이 핵심이다. 지문은 "Nature does not cover all the biological factors that may be at work before birth that are generally considered to constitute our make-up"이라고 명시한다. 즉, 본성은 출생 전에 작용하는 모든 생물학적 요인을 "포괄하지 못한다(does not cover all)"는 것이다.

따라서 본성이 출생 전의 모든 생물학적 요인을 "완전히 설명한다(fully accounts for all)"고 서술하는 선지가 있다면, 이는 지문과 정면으로 모순된다.

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전체 선지 분석

 

선지	판정	근거
① Nature and nurture may not be the only factors influencing human behavior, as free will and contextual factors could also play a role.	✅ 일치	지문의 "Do not free will and contextual factors play a contributory role in determining action?"이라는 수사적 질문에서 이 요인들의 역할을 암시하는 것과 대응.
② Nature fully accounts for all biological factors at work before birth that constitute a person's make-up.	❌ 불일치	지문은 "Nature does not cover all the biological factors that may be at work before birth"라고 명시. fully accounts for all ↔ does not cover all로 정반대. 본성은 모든 생물학적 요인을 포괄하지 못한다.
③ Individual decision-makers who deviate from cultural norms can, over time, influence and alter the culture itself.	✅ 일치	지문의 "individual 'deviant' decision-makers over time affect culture"와 직접 대응. deviate from cultural norms = deviant, influence and alter = affect.
④ The nature versus nurture debate is considered one of those fundamental questions that resist simple resolution.	✅ 일치	지문의 "nature versus nurture is one of those fundamental questions that do not yield easy answers"와 정확히 대응. resist simple resolution = do not yield easy answers.
⑤ Most people believe in free will because they have a conscious sense of making choices based on their circumstances.	✅ 일치	지문의 "free will is something most of us believe in because we have the conscious experience of deciding what we will do given the circumstances"와 직접 대응.

 

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핵심 문장 정리

"Nature does not cover all the biological factors that may be at work before birth that are generally considered to constitute our make-up."

 

이 문장이 ②번 선지의 오류를 판별하는 결정적 근거다. 지문은 본성이 출생 전에 작용하는 모든 생물학적 요인을 "포괄하지 못한다(does not cover all)"고 서술하는 반면, ②번은 본성이 이를 "완전히 설명한다(fully accounts for all)"고 정반대로 서술했다.

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한 줄 정리

본성(nature)은 출생 전의 모든 생물학적 요인을 "완전히 설명하는" 것이 아니라, 이러한 요인들을 "모두 포괄하지 못한다."

 

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The Makings의 DAY 17  변형문제는

총 11개의 유형으로 구성되어 있습니다.

 

1. 빈칸 채우기(객관식)

2. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/한글 선택지)

3. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/영어 선택지)

4. 글 끼어 넣기(객관식)

5. 어법(서술형)

6. 어휘(서술형)

7. 주제문(객관식/영어 선택지)

8. 어휘 빈칸 채우기(서술형)

9. 영작(서술형)

10. 요약문 완성하기(서술형)

11. 문단 재배열 하기(객관식)

 

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더메이킹스(The Makings)가 제작한 수능실감 영어 독해 5문항 모의고사 300제

DAY 17(55문항) 변형문제의 지문입니다.

 

1번 지문

How much of our behavior is in fact influenced by nature, rather than nurture? Furthermore, are nature and nurture the only factors? Nature does not cover all the biological factors that may be at work before birth that are generally considered to constitute our make-up. Then are all our other traits and tendencies accounted for by nurture? Do not free will and contextual factors play a contributory role in determining action? While culture inevitably influences behavior, individual 'deviant' decision-makers over time affect culture. In any case, nature versus nurture is one of those fundamental questions that do not yield easy answers. As to the difficult issue of free will, free will is something most of us believe in because we have the conscious experience of deciding what we will do given the circumstances. It might be added that this conscious experience is in no way removed by knowing that environmental factors make it more than likely that we decide in the way we do.

 

2번 지문

When you begin to tell a story again that you have retold many times, what you retrieve from memory is the index to the story itself. That index can be embellished in a variety of ways. Over time, even the embellishments become standardized. People add details to their stories that may or may not have occurred. They are recalling indexes and reconstructing details. If at some point they add a nice detail, not really certain of its validity, telling the story with that same detail a few more times will ensure its permanent place in the story index. In other words, the stories we tell time and again are identical to the memory we have of the events that the story relates. Stories change over time because of the process of telling, due to the embellishments added by the teller. The actual events that gave rise to the story in the first place have long since been forgotten.

 

3번 지문

Part of the challenge children face is in training their eyes to move from left to right across lines of print. The eye is controlled by small muscle movements, and for children small muscle movements are a challenge in and of themselves. When the eyes move across a line of print, they make a series of jumps, stopping briefly to focus. An experienced adult reader typically sees two letters to the left side of the point of focus and six to eight letters to the right. The inexperienced child reader, however, sees one letter to the left and one letter to the right of their point of focus. This physical reality explains why children learning to read find it easier to decode words made up of fewer than five letters. As their eye muscles begin to develop, they are gradually able to take in much more on the right side of the point of focus and they can handle longer, unfamiliar words.

 

4번 지문

The distribution of health and ill health has been analyzed from a historical and social science perspective. Some have argued that medicine has not been as effective as is often claimed. The medical writer, Thomas McKeown, demonstrated that most of the fatal diseases of the 19th century had disappeared before the arrival of antibiotics or immunization programs. He reasoned that social advances in overall living conditions, such as improved sanitation and better nutrition resulting from rising real wages, have been responsible for the majority of the reduction in mortality achieved during the last century. Although his assertion has been disputed, there is little disagreement that the contribution of medicine to reduced mortality has been minor, when compared with the impact of improved living conditions.

 

5번 지문

Consider the difference between a poem and a manual for assembling a table lamp. The manual makes sense only in a specific, practical situation. We do not generally turn to it in order to reflect on the mystery of birth or the frailty of humankind. A literary work, by contrast, can still be meaningful outside its original context and may alter its meaning as it moves from one time or place to another. For example, Jane Austen's novels spring from the world of the English nobility in the eighteenth century, while John Milton's Paradise Lost is against the backdrop of the English Civil War and its aftermath. Yet though these works emerge from such contexts, their interpretation is not confined to them. All literary works are orphaned at birth, in the sense that once they are created, they exist independently of their author's intentions and circumstances. While a work may be influenced by the historical, cultural, and personal factors that surrounded its creation, it ultimately takes on a life of its own, subject to the varied interpretations of readers across time and space.