2025년 7월 고3 영어 모의고사 변형문제 지문 [35,36,37,38,39,40]

2025년 7월 고3 영어 모의고사 

변형문제 지문

[35,36,37,38,39,40]

 

2025년 7월 고3 영어 모의고사 변형문제

 

2025년 7월 고3 영어 모의고사 변형문제

 

https://themakings.co.kr/399/?idx=1361

2025년 고3 7월 전국 연합 모의고사 변형 문제 Part 4 (66문항) (워드파일/편집가능)

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다음 지문을 읽고 글의 내용과 다른 문장을 고르세요.

 

It wasn't until 1960 that a market for photographic art began to form in the United States. This development coincided with a rejection of many traditional notions of art: that it was the work of the hand, that each work was a unique creation. Prices remained modest, but collectors began to emerge, and finally, in the 1970s, a true art market was established, with control over the originality and rarity of the works (limited-edition prints), expositions, galleries, and museums. The most valuable prints are those where the negatives are lost; for this reason, some contemporary photographers destroy their negatives after making a predetermined number of prints. Where negatives remain available and unlimited prints could, in principle, be made, the market distinguishes between recent and "vintage" prints. Such a market requires experts who are able to look at a print and distinguish which year it was made from the negative.

 

① A market for photographic art first began to take shape in the United States around 1960.

② Some contemporary photographers permanently preserve their negatives to guarantee the continued availability of their works.

③ The rise of the photography market was linked to a rejection of traditional ideas that art must be handcrafted and uniquely created.

④ By the 1970s, a genuine art market had developed with control over the originality and rarity of photographic works.

⑤ When negatives remain available, the market draws a distinction between recently made prints and older vintage ones.

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지문 내용 정리

 

이 글은 미국에서 사진 예술 시장이 형성된 과정과 그 희소성 메커니즘을 다루고 있어요.

1960년이 되어서야 미국에서 사진 예술 시장이 형성되기 시작했어요. 이 발전은 "예술은 손으로 만든 것이어야 하고, 각 작품은 유일한 창작물이어야 한다"는 전통적 예술 관념의 거부와 함께 일어났어요. 가격은 적당한 수준을 유지했지만 수집가들이 나타나기 시작했고, 1970년대에 드디어 진정한 예술 시장이 형성됐어요. 한정판 프린트를 통한 진품성과 희소성 통제, 박람회, 갤러리, 박물관과 함께요.

가장 가치 있는 프린트는 네거티브(원판)가 소실된 것들이에요. 그래서 일부 현대 사진작가들은 미리 정해진 수의 프린트를 만든 후 네거티브를 폐기해요. 네거티브가 남아있어 원칙적으로 무한정 프린트를 만들 수 있는 경우, 시장은 최근 프린트와 "빈티지" 프린트를 구별해요. 이런 시장에는 프린트를 보고 어느 해에 만들어졌는지 구별할 수 있는 전문가가 필요하죠.

②번 함정의 포인트: 일부 사진작가들은 네거티브를 "폐기"하는데, ②번은 이걸 "영구 보존"으로 정반대로 뒤집었어요.

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선택지 O/X 분석

 

번호	선택지 요약	원문 대조	판정
①	사진 예술 시장은 1960년경 미국에서 처음 형성되기 시작함	"It wasn't until 1960 that a market for photographic art began to form in the United States"	⭕ 일치
②	일부 현대 사진작가들은 작품의 지속적 이용 가능성을 보장하기 위해 네거티브를 영구 보존함	"some contemporary photographers destroy their negatives after making a predetermined number of prints" — 보존이 아니라 폐기	❌ 불일치
③	사진 시장의 부상은 예술이 수공예적이고 독창적으로 창조되어야 한다는 전통적 관념의 거부와 연결됨	"This development coincided with a rejection of many traditional notions of art: that it was the work of the hand, that each work was a unique creation"	⭕ 일치
④	1970년대까지 사진 작품의 진품성과 희소성에 대한 통제를 갖춘 진정한 예술 시장이 발전함	"in the 1970s, a true art market was established, with control over the originality and rarity of the works"	⭕ 일치
⑤	네거티브가 이용 가능한 경우, 시장은 최근 제작된 프린트와 오래된 빈티지 프린트를 구별함	"Where negatives remain available... the market distinguishes between recent and 'vintage' prints"	⭕ 일치

 

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정답은 ② — 함정 패턴: 행동 방향 완전 역전(destroy → permanently preserve)

이번 함정은 사진작가들의 핵심 행동을 정반대로 뒤집는 패턴이에요.

원문은 이렇게 말합니다:

"some contemporary photographers destroy their negatives after making a predetermined number of prints."

 

가치를 높이기 위해 정해진 수의 프린트를 만든 후 네거티브를 폐기(destroy)한다는 거예요. 희소성을 인위적으로 만들기 위한 의도적 행동이죠.

그런데 ②번은 이걸 이렇게 바꿔놓았어요:

"Some contemporary photographers permanently preserve their negatives to guarantee the continued availability of their works."

(일부 현대 사진작가들은 작품의 지속적 이용 가능성을 보장하기 위해 네거티브를 영구 보존한다)

 

"destroy(폐기한다)" → "permanently preserve(영구 보존한다)"

행동이 완전히 반대예요. 목적도 정반대로 뒤집혔어요 — 원문은 희소성 창출(접근 제한)이 목적인데, ②번은 지속적 이용 가능성 보장(접근 확대)이 목적이라고 했거든요.

함정 유형 정리: 행동과 목적 동시 역전

(destroy for scarcity → preserve for availability)

이번처럼 행동(destroy ↔ preserve)과 목적(scarcity ↔ availability)이 동시에 뒤집히는 이중 역전 패턴은 특히 조심해야 해요. 행동만 바뀌어도 정답인데, 목적까지 함께 바뀌면 얼핏 읽을 때 "맞는 것 같은데?"라는 착각이 들 수 있거든요. 지문에서 의도적 행동을 서술하는 동사(destroy, eliminate, remove, discard)가 나오면, 선택지에서 그 반대 동사(preserve, maintain, keep, store)로 바뀌어 있지 않은지 반드시 확인하세요.

 

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핵심 어휘 정리

• negative — (사진) 네거티브, 원판
• limited-edition prints — 한정판 프린트
• originality — 진품성, 독창성
• rarity — 희소성
• predetermined — 미리 정해진
• vintage — 빈티지, 오래된 (긍정적 의미로)
• coincide with — ~와 동시에 일어나다
• destroy — 폐기하다, 파괴하다 (핵심 동사)
• permanently preserve — 영구 보존하다 (선택지의 함정 표현)
• continued availability — 지속적 이용 가능성 (선택지의 함정 표현)

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풀이 전략 팁

 

예술 시장·경제 관련 지문에서는 희소성(scarcity)을 만들기 위한 행동이 핵심 정보인 경우가 많아요. 이번 지문에서 사진작가들이 네거티브를 폐기하는 행동은:

폐기 → 희소성 창출 → 가치 상승

 

이라는 경제 논리와 직결돼요. 이 논리를 이해하면 ②번이 이 흐름을 완전히 거스른다는 게 바로 보여요.

선택지를 읽을 때 지문의 핵심 동사를 먼저 떠올리는 습관이 도움돼요:

• 지문의 핵심 동사: destroy(폐기하다)
• 선택지의 동사: preserve(보존하다)

두 단어가 반의어라는 걸 포착하는 순간 정답이에요. 이렇게 짧고 정보 밀도가 높은 지문일수록 핵심 동사 하나가 뒤집히는 방식의 함정이 자주 등장하니, 동사에 주목하는 독해 습관을 들이세요.

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The Makings의 2025년 고3 7월 전국 연합 모의고사 변형 문제는

총 11개의 유형으로 구성되어 있습니다.

 

1. 빈칸 채우기(객관식)

2. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/한글 선택지)

3. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/영어 선택지)

4. 글 끼어 넣기(객관식)

5. 어법(서술형)

6. 어휘(서술형)

7. 주제문(객관식/영어 선택지)

8. 어휘 빈칸 채우기(서술형)

9. 영작(서술형)

10. 요약문 완성하기(서술형)

11. 문단 재배열 하기(객관식)

 

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더메이킹스(The Makings)가 제작한

2025년 고3 7월 전국 연합 모의고사 변형 문제 Part 4의 지문입니다.

 

1번 지문(문항 번호 35번)

It wasn't until 1960 that a market for photographic art began to form in the United States. This development coincided with a rejection of many traditional notions of art: that it was the work of the hand, that each work was a unique creation. Prices remained modest, but collectors began to emerge, and finally, in the 1970s, a true art market was established, with control over the originality and rarity of the works (limited-edition prints), expositions, galleries, and museums. The most valuable prints are those where the negatives are lost; for this reason, some contemporary photographers destroy their negatives after making a predetermined number of prints. Where negatives remain available and unlimited prints could, in principle, be made, the market distinguishes between recent and "vintage" prints. Such a market requires experts who are able to look at a print and distinguish which year it was made from the negative.

 

2번 지문(문항 번호 36번)

Social insects use alarm pheromones to alert related individuals of danger. Such chemical signals are often employed to alert a colony of some invader, and these alarms can cause huge numbers of worker ants or bees to flow from their nests, either to defend their nestmates, or simply to flee. Chemical signals may also be sent to individuals of a different species. Stink bugs, stick insects, and many other insects have glands that produce repugnant ─ and sometimes powerfully pungent or even caustic and harmful ─ fluids that are meant to fight off an attacker. Blister beetles are so named because their defensive secretion, cantharidin, is particularly powerful and can cause chemical burns. Toxic species often advertise this aspect of themselves through some form of coloration, called aposematic coloration. Among blister beetles, for example, some may be black with prominent red, orange, or yellow bands or spots, signaling "do not touch." Others, however, can be entirely black or blue and yet just as capable of causing a painful burn.

 

3번 지문(문항 번호 37번)

Sanctuaries are a semi-contrived setting that, at first glance, appear quite similar to zoos. Animals are kept in enclosures simulating a natural environment, similar animal farming techniques are used, and sometimes there are even animals on display for tourists. However, in contrast to zoos, the purpose of a sanctuary is not to keep animals captive but to hold them temporarily until such a time as they can be rehabilitated and safely released. Some animals may be held indefinitely due to complications that would prevent their survival in the wild. Many sanctuary models operate mixed-access facilities in which there is a side open to ecotourists that holds such animals indefinitely and a rehabilitation side, closed to the public in which animals can recover in privacy. There are also pre-release enclosures that are meant to simulate a natural environment as closely as possible in order to ensure an animal is ready for release after time spent in an artificial environment for medical rehabilitation.

 

4번 지문(문항 번호 38번)

Sometimes theories that have been out of fashion for some while can come back into consideration in view of later developments. A case in point is an idea that Lord Kelvin put forward in about 1867, in which atoms (the elementary particles of his day) were to be regarded as being composed of tiny knot-like structures. This idea attracted some considerable attention at the time, and the mathematician J. G. Tait began a systematic study of knots on the basis of this. But the theory did not lead to any clear-cut correspondence with the actual physical behaviour of atoms, so it became largely forgotten. However, more recently, ideas of this general kind have begun to find favour again, partly in view of their connection with string-theoretic notions. The mathematical theory of knots has also encountered a revival, since around 1984, starting with the work of Vaughan Jones, whose seminal ideas had their roots in theoretical considerations within quantum field theory. The methods of string theory were subsequently employed by Edward Witten to obtain a kind of quantum field theory which, in a certain sense, encompasses these new developments in the mathematical theory of knots.

 

5번 지문(문항 번호 39번)

Music-licensing has always been an integral and lucrative part of the music business, but there has often been a tension between music publishers and record labels. Although music is the shared value for both publishers and labels, their aims and their business models differ. To the music publisher or the licensing department of a full-service music firm, licensing opportunities are the bread and butter of their business. There is simply no other kind of income besides the royalties paid by the licensees. From the record labels' point of view, the licensing has a completely different purpose, and that purpose is to promote an act. The licensing fee paid by the licensee is only the icing on the cake, since the majority of a traditional record label's revenues are generated by selling audio recordings (primarily CDs) to consumers. In a competition to have a song included in a film etc., the record label might be inclined to waive the fee in order to win the competition and achieve the much-desired media presence.

 

6번 지문(문항 번호 40번)

Earlier navigational aids, particularly those available and affordable to ordinary folks, were just that: aids. They were designed to give travelers a greater awareness of the world around them ─ to sharpen their sense of direction, provide them with advance warning of danger, highlight nearby landmarks and other points of orientation, and in general help them situate themselves in both familiar and alien settings. Satellite navigation systems can do all those things, and more, but they're not designed to deepen our involvement with our surroundings. They're designed to relieve us of the need for such involvement. By taking control of the mechanics of navigation and reducing our own role to following routine commands, the systems, whether running through a dashboard, a smartphone, or a dedicated GPS receiver, end up isolating us from the environment. As a team of Cornell University researchers put it in a 2008 paper, "With the GPS you no longer need to know where you are and where your destination is, attend to physical landmarks along the way, or get assistance from other people in the car and outside of it."