수능 실감 영어 독해 5문항 300제 Day 7 변형문제

 

수능 실감 영어 독해 5문항 300제

Day 7 변형문제

수능 실감 영어 독해 5문항 300제 Day 7 변형문제

 

수능 실감 영어 독해 5문항 300제 Day 7 변형문제

 

전문항 확인 하러가기!

https://themakings.co.kr/421/?idx=1528

수능실감 영어 독해 5문항 모의고사 300제 DAY 7 변형문제(PDF)

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지문 해석

Laura는 카지노에서 사람들이 룰렛을 하는 것을 지켜보고 있다. 룰렛 휠의 38개 슬롯에는 검정 숫자 18개, 빨강 숫자 18개, 초록 숫자 2개가 포함되어 있다. 따라서 한 번의 회전에서 빨강이나 검정이 나올 확률은 50대 50보다 약간 낮다(정확히 47.4%). Laura는 베팅을 하지 않았지만 게임 결과의 패턴을 매우 주의 깊게 따라가고 있었다. 공이 연속으로 7번 빨강에 떨어졌다. Laura는 검정이 나올 때가 한참 지났다고 결론짓고 게임에 뛰어들어 검정에 크게 베팅한다. Laura의 추론에 동의하는가? 매우 많은 사람들이 Laura가 좋은 베팅을 했다고 믿는 경향이 있다. 그러나 그들은 틀렸다. 사람들은 확률의 법칙이 공정한 결과를 산출해야 하고 무작위 과정이 스스로 교정되어야 한다고 믿는다. 이것은 장기적으로는 나쁜 가정이 아니다. 그러나 이는 개별적이고 독립적인 사건에는 적용되지 않는다. 통계학자들이 말하듯이, "룰렛 휠은 최근 결과를 기억하지 못한다."

 

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풀이 흐름

 

이 지문은 "도박사의 오류(gambler's fallacy)"를 설명하는 글이다. 핵심 논지는 룰렛의 각 회전이 "독립적인 사건(independent events)"이므로 이전 결과가 다음 결과에 영향을 미치지 않는다는 것이다.

지문은 이를 두 가지 표현으로 명확히 밝힌다. 첫째, 확률의 자기 교정 가정이 "individual, independent events(개별적이고 독립적인 사건)"에는 적용되지 않는다. 둘째, "The roulette wheel does not remember its recent results(룰렛 휠은 최근 결과를 기억하지 못한다)".

따라서 룰렛 휠의 각 회전이 이전 회전의 결과에 "영향을 받는다(is influenced by)"고 서술하는 선지가 있다면, 이는 지문의 핵심 논지와 정면으로 모순된다.

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전체 선지 분석

 

선지	판정	근거
① Laura had not placed any bets before deciding to bet on black.	✅ 일치	지문의 "Although Laura hasn't been betting"과 직접 대응. had not placed any bets = hasn't been betting.
② The roulette wheel has 38 slots including 2 green numbers.	✅ 일치	지문의 "The 38 slots on the roulette wheel include 18 black numbers, 18 red numbers, and 2 green numbers"와 정확히 대응.
③ Many people mistakenly think Laura made a wise betting decision.	✅ 일치	지문의 "A great many people tend to believe that Laura has made a good bet. However, they're wrong"과 일치. mistakenly = they're wrong, wise = good.
④ The assumption that probability yields fair results is reasonable over the long term.	✅ 일치	지문의 "These aren't bad assumptions in the long run"과 직접 대응. reasonable = aren't bad, over the long term = in the long run.
⑤ Each spin of the roulette wheel is influenced by the results of previous spins.	❌ 불일치	지문은 "they don't apply to individual, independent events" + "The roulette wheel does not remember its recent results"라고 명시. 각 회전은 독립적(independent)이며 이전 결과를 기억하지 못한다(does not remember). is influenced by ↔ independent / does not remember로 정반대.

 

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핵심 문장 정리

"However, they don't apply to individual, independent events."

"The roulette wheel does not remember its recent results."

 

이 두 문장이 ⑤번 선지의 오류를 판별하는 결정적 근거다. 지문은 룰렛의 각 회전이 "독립적인 사건"이며 이전 결과를 "기억하지 못한다"고 서술하는 반면, ⑤번은 각 회전이 이전 회전의 결과에 "영향을 받는다(is influenced by)"고 정반대로 서술했다.

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한 줄 정리

룰렛 휠의 각 회전은 이전 결과에 "영향을 받는" 것이 아니라 각각이 "독립적인 사건"이며, 룰렛 휠은 최근 결과를 "기억하지 못한다."

 

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The Makings의 DAY 7 변형문제는 총 11개의 유형으로 구성되어 있습니다.

1. 빈칸 채우기(객관식)

2. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/한글 선택지)

3. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/영어 선택지)

4. 글 끼어 넣기(객관식)

5. 어법(서술형)

6. 어휘(서술형)

7. 주제문(객관식/영어 선택지)

8. 어휘 빈칸 채우기(서술형)

9. 영작(서술형)

10. 요약문 완성하기(서술형)

11. 문단 재배열 하기(객관식)

 

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더메이킹스(The Makings)가 제작한 수능실감 영어 독해 5문항 모의고사 300제

DAY 7(55문항) 변형문제의 지문입니다.

 

1번 지문

From our closest friends to our most distant social media contacts, the connections that make up our social capital provide the bedrock of our social and professional lives and have the potential to shape our health and happiness in dramatic ways. But our broad networks can sometimes be overwhelming, and we may feel like we are being spread too thin, juggling emails and social media exchanges in addition to keeping up with work and family relationships. It can be hard to manage expectations and avoid leaving others feeling neglected ─ or feeling neglected ourselves. One's social capital is a fluid and ever-shifting network of relationships that requires continuous nurturing. If we become too fixated on building our social capital at the expense of our personal well-being, we may end up putting the cart before the horse, losing sight of what truly matters. Striking a balance between building social capital and preserving our well-being is a goal we should continually strive to achieve.

 

2번 지문

Laura is in a casino watching people play roulette. The 38 slots on the roulette wheel include 18 black numbers, 18 red numbers, and 2 green numbers. Hence, on any one spin, the probability of red or black is slightly less than 50-50 (47.4 to be exact). Although Laura hasn't been betting, she has been following the pattern of results in the game very carefully. The ball has landed on red seven times in a row. Laura concludes that black is long overdue and she jumps into the game, betting heavily on black. Do you agree with Laura's reasoning? A great many people tend to believe that Laura has made a good bet. However, they're wrong. People believe that the laws of probability should yield fair results and that a random process must be self-correcting. These aren't bad assumptions in the long run. However, they don't apply to individual, independent events. As statisticians say, "The roulette wheel does not remember its recent results."

 

3번 지문

A major economic motivation of balanced reciprocity is to exchange surplus goods and services for those that are in short supply. Shortfalls and surpluses can result from different levels of technology, environmental variations, or different production capacities. But whatever the cause, balanced reciprocity enables both parties in the exchange to maximize their consumption. The Indians of Oaxaca, Mexico exemplify balanced reciprocity in the exchange of both goods and services. According to social custom, a man is expected to sponsor at least one festival celebrating a major saint's day. Such an event, involving elaborate food, beverages, and entertainment, is almost always beyond the capacity of a man to provide by himself. Consequently, the man seeks the help of his relatives, friends, and neighbors, thereby mortgaging his future surpluses. Those who help out expect to be repaid in equivalent amounts when they sponsor a similar festival. In effect, the Indians of Oaxaca have created a kind of mutual insurance system.

 

4번 지문

The modern, consumer-oriented society, with its urban lifestyle, expectations of high service levels, and understanding that everything is for sale, has a significant impact on tourism. And it is often believed that the resulting consumption-focused tourism is harmful and generates environmental and social problems such as traffic jams, overcrowding, and long lines at attractions, museums, and restaurants. However, these things are often accepted by tourists and seen as being an important part of their experience. Furthermore, high tourism consumption creates high demand for cultural preservation and conservation. It revitalizes local traditions and authenticity, promotes cultural awareness, and creates new systems of values and power. One must only know which elements of culture are for sale and tourist consumption, which are not, and which need to be preserved.

 

5번 지문

The difficulty in determining whether correlation equals causation causes an enormous number of misunderstandings. Until a specific mechanism demonstrating how A causes B is identified, it's best to assume that any correlation is accidental, or that both A and B relate independently to some third factor. An example that highlights this is the correlation between drinking milk and cancer rates, which some groups use to argue that drinking milk causes cancer. A more likely explanation is that cancer diagnoses and milk consumption both have a positive correlation with increased age. On average, milk drinkers live longer than non-milk drinkers, and the older you are, the more likely you are to develop cancer. This does not, however, mean that drinking milk actually causes people to live longer. It could be that people who drink milk have better access to high-quality health care or eat more healthily than those who do not.